No one ever asked us. young people's evaluation of their residential child care facilities in three different programs / Nadie nos ha preguntado nunca. La evaluación de los jóvenes sobre sus hogares de acogimiento residencial en tres programas diferentes

Background: Residential child care is a very complex measure and has been the subject of heated debate in many countries. However, there is a paucity of studies that examine quality assessments of these services, much less that have asked the children and young people receiving those services about their own evaluations. Method: This study interviewed 209 young people between 11 and 20 years of age, in 21 residential facilities, about their degree of satisfaction with the care they receive. These residential facilities are differentiated into three types of programs that will be compared: preparation for adult life (PAL), therapeutic care for behavioral problems (TRC) and general programs for children and young people without any specific profile (GRC). The instrument used is an interview that includes both quantitative and qualitative assessments. Results: The results show a trend toward positive average scores on practically all aspects, highlighting the support from as well as the connection they feel with the educators who care for them. On the other hand, young people in TRC displayed lower scores on almost all aspects evaluated while those in PAL were the most positive. Conclusions: The main implications for the practice will be discussed from these youths' perspective

Antecedentes: el acogimiento residencial es una medida compleja y que ha sido objeto de intensos debates en muchos países. Sin embargo, no existen muchos estudios sobre la evaluación de la calidad de estos servicios y mucho menos que hayan tenido en cuenta la opinión de los niños y jóvenes que los reciben. Método: en este estudio se entrevista a 209 jóvenes entre 11 y 20 años, que se encuentran en 21 hogares de acogimiento residencial, acerca de su satisfacción con la atención que reciben. Estos hogares de acogida se diferencian en tres tipos de programas que se compararán: preparación para la vida adulta (PAL), acogimiento terapéutico para problemas de conducta (TRC) y programas generalistas sin perfil específico (GRC). El instrumento empleado es una entrevista que recoge valoraciones cuantitativas y cualitativas. Resultados: los resultados muestran una tendencia a valoraciones con promedios positivos en prácticamente todos los aspectos, destacando el apoyo y la vinculación con los educadores que los atienden. Por otra parte, los jóvenes en TRC muestran puntuaciones más bajas en casi todos los aspectos, mientras que los jóvenes en PAL presentan las más altas. Conclusiones: se discutirán las principales implicaciones para la práctica desde esta perspectiva de los jóvenes

No one ever asked us. Young people's evaluation of their residential child care facilities in three different programs.

BACKGROUND: Residential child care is a very complex measure and has been the subject of heated debate in many countries. However, there is a paucity of studies that examine quality assessments of these services, much less that have asked the children and young people receiving those services about their own evaluations. METHOD: This study interviewed 209 young people between 11 and 20 years of age, in 21 residential facilities, about their degree of satisfaction with the care they receive. These residential facilities are differentiated into three types of programs that will be compared: preparation for adult life (PAL), therapeutic care for behavioral problems (TRC) and general programs for children and young people without any specific profile (GRC). The instrument used is an interview that includes both quantitative and qualitative assessments. RESULTS: The results show a trend toward positive average scores on practically all aspects, highlighting the support from as well as the connection they feel with the educators who care for them. On the other hand, young people in TRC displayed lower scores on almost all aspects evaluated while those in PAL were the most positive. CONCLUSIONS: The main implications for the practice will be discussed from these youths’ perspective.

School Functioning of a Particularly Vulnerable Group: Children and Young People in Residential Child Care.

A large proportion of the children and young people in residential child care in Spain are there as a consequence of abuse and neglect in their birth families. Research has shown that these types of adverse circumstances in childhood are risk factors for emotional and behavioral problems, as well as difficulties in adapting to different contexts. School achievement is related to this and represents one of the most affected areas. Children in residential child care exhibit extremely poor performance and difficulties in school functioning which affects their transition to adulthood and into the labor market. The main aim of this study is to describe the school functioning of a sample of 1,216 children aged between 8 and 18 living in residential child care in Spain. The specific needs of children with intellectual disability and unaccompanied migrant children were also analyzed. Relationships with other variables such as gender, age, mental health needs, and other risk factors were also explored. In order to analyze school functioning in this vulnerable group, the sample was divided into different groups depending on school level and educational needs. In the vast majority of cases, children were in primary or compulsory secondary education (up to age 16), this group included a significant proportion of cases in special education centers. The rest of the sample were in vocational training or post-compulsory secondary school. Results have important implications for the design of socio-educative intervention strategies in both education and child care systems in order to promote better school achievement and better educational qualifications in this vulnerable group.

El proceso de transición a la vida adulta de jóvenes acogidos en el sistema de protección infantil / The process of transition to adulthood for youth in the child care system

En este artículo se revisan diversas investigaciones de carácter nacional e internacional sobre los adolescentes que egresan del sistema de protección. Se trata de jóvenes que al cumplir los 18 años estando acogidos en hogares de protección o con familias se ven inmersos en un proceso de transición a la vida adulta muy diferente al del resto de sus iguales. La investigación pone de manifiesto cómo la transición de estos menores es más breve, comprimida y acelerada que la de sus pares, presentando mayores dificultades en diferentes aspectos tales como el empleo, el alojamiento, los logros educativos, la salud física y mental, etc. Esta problemática está recabando cada día más interés a nivel internacional llevándose a cabo diversas reformas legales que en la práctica se traducen en la ampliación de la estancia en los recursos de protección, la implementación de programas de entrenamiento en habilidades para la vida independiente, la introducción de las figuras de consejeros y mentores, un mayor énfasis en la educación y el empleo, así como la creación de planes individuales de emancipación, entre otros. En nuestro país los egresados comienzan a ser tenidos en cuenta en algunas leyes autonómicas de reciente creación que hacen referencia a la necesidad de invertir esfuerzos en la transición a la vida adulta de los jóvenes en protección (AU)

This paper reviews international and national research on young people leaving care. Research has shown that the journey to adulthood from public care is shorter, more compressed and accelerated that that of their peers. This process presents higher difficulties in different areas such as employment, accommodation, educational opportunities, physical and mental health, etc. The situation of care leavers has gained more attention internationally leading to the development of different legal advances which mean the extension of care, the implementation of independent living skills programs, the introduction of mentoring programs, the emphasis on educational and employment services and the creation of personal transition plans, among other changes. In Spain, this topic has started to receive some attention in recent regional legislation which highlights the need to invest more efforts in the transition to adulthood of young people leaving care (AU)